Overview:
Sildenafil is a phosphodiesterase inhibitor which is the generic version of “VIAGRA”. Viagra is also informally known as “ vitamin V”, “the blue pill” or “ blue diamond”. Some other synonyms are aphrodite and virgin. In the present world, it is used for the treatment of erectile dysfunction.
Background:
First, let us know the background
of this medicine. Interestingly enough, sildenafil was at first researched as a
potential treatment for angina – or chest pain associated with inadequate blood
flow to the heart – in the late 1980s. Nevertheless, sildenafil is also
indicated for treating
pulmonary
arterial hypertension but is also additionally known for interacting with various
anti-anginal or anti-hypertensive agents to develop potentially rapid,
excessive, and/or fatal hypo or hypertensive crises.
Unfortunately, since 1998, after medical approval, it has become a popular treatment among the public for erectile dysfunction.
Uses:
It has two uses:
- Treatment of erectile dysfunction
- Treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension.
The US FDA
specifically indicates sildenafil for the treatment of pulmonary arterial
hypertension (PAH) in adults to improve exercise ability. And also helps in
delaying clinical worsening.
Sildenafil (Liqrev,
Revatio) is used to improve the ability to exercise in adults (Liqrev, Revatio)
and children 1 year of age and older (Revatio) with pulmonary arterial
hypertension.
How does it work?
Sildenafil is class
for phosphodiesterase 5 which is more potent than any other phosphodiesterase of that group.
Sildenafil causes mild and transient decreases in systemic blood pressure.
Long-term treatment is necessary in case of pulmonary arterial hypertension.
In the case of
erectile dysfunction treatment, it works within the penis where there are two
chambers called the corpora cavernosa. Nitric oxide (NO) is released in
the chambers during sexual stimulation. NO activates an enzyme called guanylate
cyclase. That increases levels of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP),
which causes muscles to relax.
The chambers also
contain a network of blood vessels. When those blood vessels relax and widen,
blood rushes in. The resulting pressure is what causes an erection.
In a study, of the
hemodynamic effects of a single oral 100 mg dose of sildenafil in 14 patients
with severe coronary artery disease.
The study result shows that the treatment of erectile dysfunction is:
In eight double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover studies of patients with either organic or psychogenic erectile dysfunction, sexual stimulation resulted in improved erections, as assessed by an objective measurement of hardness and duration of erections after sildenafil administration compared with placebo.
Most studies assessed the efficacy of sildenafil approximately 60 minutes post-dose. The time course of effect was examined in one study, showing an effect for up to 4 hours but the response was diminished compared to 2 hours.
Analyses of
subgroups of patients with ED indicate that the efficacy of sildenafil is not
affected by race or age, duration of ED, or duration of select underlying
disease states (e.g., diabetes mellitus), and the drug has been effective in a
wide range of patients with ED, including those with a history of coronary
artery disease (e.g., coronary artery).
Bypass graft,
hypertension, other cardiac disease (including ischemic heart disease),
peripheral vascular disease, type 1 or 2 diabetes mellitus, depression, radical
prostatectomy, prostate brachytherapy, transurethral resection of the prostate
(TURP), spina bifida, spinal cord injury, and in patients taking
antidepressants, antipsychotics, diuretics, and antihypertensive agents.
Studies in men with
ED secondary to a broad spectrum of organic and psychogenic causes showed
increases in mean rates of successful intercourse (total successes divided by
total attempts) to about 66-6G% in those receiving sildenafil compared with
about 20-22% for placebo.
Dose:
- Initial dose: 50 mg orally once a day, one hour before sexual activity
- Maintenance dose: 25 to 100 mg orally once a day, one hour before sexual activity.
Cenforce 200:
Cenforce 200 is a drug that contains 200mg of the active ingredient sildenafil citrate. It’s a PDE5 which means it inhibits the action of this enzyme so that the muscles of the blood vessels of the penis could be relaxed.
Sildenafil is used to treat erectile dysfunction (ED). While it helps you temporarily maintain an erection so you can have sex, it does not cure ED. It does not affect sexual desire either. You still need mental or physical stimulation to get an erection.
This medication is
only available with a doctor’s prescription.
Who can take Sildenafil or Viagra?
- Adults aged from 18 years up to 64 years old typically take 50 milligrams (mg) 1 hour before sexual intercourse, not more than once a day.
- But for adults who are 65 and above using the drug for erectile dysfunction, or those with cirrhosis or severe renal impairment, the average dose is 25 mg as a single dose, taken 1 hour before sexual intercourse, but no more than once a day.
- Viagra may also be taken between 30 minutes to 4 hours before sexual intercourse depending on sexual life.
SIDE EFFECTS:
Sildenafil or
Cenforce may cause some side effects Side effects may include:
- Sensitivity to light
- Muscle pain
- Heartburn
- Nose bleeding
- Flushed skin
- Problems falling asleep
- Tingling in the arms, feet, legs, or hands
- Numbness in the arms, feet, legs, or hands
- Headache
- Diarrhea
- Heartburn
- Trouble differentiating between colors like blue and green
- Seeing a blue tinge on things
SERIOUS SIDE EFFECTS:
SYMPTOMS:
- Chest pain
- Fainting
- Severe, sudden loss of vision
- Ringing in ears
- Sudden loss of or decrease in hearing
- Dizziness
- Rash
- Burning during urination
- Itching during urination
- Shortness of breath that worsens
- An erection that lasts longer
than 4 hours and may be painful
Is sildenafil good for heart patients?
One Should not take sildenafil if you’ve had a stroke or heart attack or if you have unstable angina. Certain drug interactions can harm your heart. Avoid taking PDE5 inhibitors if you also use long-lasting alpha-blockers or take medications that contain nitrates.
Effect on the reproductive system:
It does nothing for
the libido. You still need some kind of stimulation to get an erection. The
effects of Viagra usually last about 4 hours, though they may last longer for
some men. A rare, but serious side effect, is priapism. That’s when you get an
erection that lasts for a long period which is quite painful.
It doesn’t protect
patients from sexually transmitted infections.
Severe Allergic Reactions:
Sildenafil may cause
allergic reactions, which can be serious. Stop taking sildenafil and get help
right away if you have any of the following symptoms of a serious allergic
reaction.
- Breathing problems or wheezing
- Racing heart
- Fever or general ill feeling
- Swollen lymph nodes
- Swelling of the face, lips, mouth, tongue, or throat
- Trouble swallowing or throat tightness
- Itching, skin rash, or pale red bumps on the skin called hives
- Nausea or vomiting
- Dizziness, feeling lightheaded, or fainting
- Stomach cramps
- Joint pain
Effect on CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM:
Slidenafil helps to
improve blood flow to the penis, but slidenafil will not work if you’re not in
the mood.
Some potential side
effects of sildenafil are headache, runny or blocked nose, or a nosebleed. Some
men feel lightheaded or dizzy. In rare cases, Viagra or Cenforce can cause
fainting. Some men taking PDE5 inhibitors report back or muscle pain.
NATION:
Non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) can occur while taking sildenafil. NAION is a condition that can cause damage to the optic nerve, which is responsible for your vision. NAION was a rare side effect after Viagra became available for use.
Symptoms can include:
- A sudden decrease or loss of vision in one or both eyes
- Loss of contrast or sensitivity toward light
- A dark shadow or blind area in the upper or lower half of your vision
- Allergic reaction
- Stomach ulcer
- Anaemia, multiple myeloma, sickle cell disease
- Use of guanylate cyclase stimulators (if these two drugs are taken together then severe problems such as heart attack or stroke may take place)
- Angina, heart attack, heart failure
- People taking antihypertensive medication
- Liver cirrhosis
- Chronic kidney disease
- Alcohol with Viagra
How to reduce the side effects of Viagra?
The majority of these side effects will go away within a few minutes to a few hours after taking Viagra. You can also follow a few simple steps to make sure you reduce your chance of getting side effects.
Take Viagra as prescribed
- Avoid taking a double dose if Viagra has not worked for you, and do not take another dose within 24 hours.
- Tell your doctor about any medication you are taking
- Change your dosage
- Avoid grapefruits and grapefruit juice
- Do not drink too much alcohol
- Stay hydrated
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